The saline wastewater from various sources including agriculture and industrial activities,
appears to have high salt concentration, organic content and other pollutants which can …

Conventional treatment of textile wastewater is generally based on physical-chemical
treatment. Although the effluents from this can be discharged directly there is an increasing …

Globally, the leather industry is currently undergoing radical transformation due to pollution
and discharge legislations. The present study is based on the investigation of performance …

Modern bio-refineries generate considerable volumes of wastewater that are highly
coloured (5600–572,000 PtCo) as well as being concentrated in both salts (conductivities up …

In many places over the world, the fluoride concentration in ground water as raw water is
higher than the threshold standard for healthy drinking water. This paper discusses a …

The Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis process (BPMED) can produce valuable chemicals
such as acid (HCl, H2SO4, etc.) and base (NaOH) from saline and brackish waters under the …

Electrodialysis (ED) has the potential to cost-effectively separate ions from organics in bio-
refinery effluents, thereby simplifying downstream treatment and producing streams for …

The practical energy required for water dissociation reaction in bipolar membrane (BPM) is
still substantially higher compared to the thermodynamic equivalent. This required energy is …

Electrodialysis is a mature technology that exceeded the boundaries of brackish water
desalination and continuously shows its adaptability for several applications. Alongside with …

Leakage currents inevitably exist in all liquid channels of the plate-and-frame membrane
stacks in bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BMED) systems. These leakage currents …