We assess evidence relevant to Earth's equilibrium climate sensitivity per doubling of
atmospheric CO2, characterized by an effective sensitivity S. This evidence includes …

By interacting with radiation, clouds modulate the flow of energy through the Earth system,
the circulation of the atmosphere, and regional climate. We review the impact of cloud …

Equilibrium climate sensitivity, the global surface temperature response to CO doubling, has
been persistently uncertain. Recent consensus places it likely within 1.5–4.5 K. Global …

A planetary atmosphere is the outer gas layer of a planet. Besides its scientific significance
among the first and most accessible planetary layers observed from space, it is closely …

Abstract Changes in anvil clouds with warming remain a leading source of uncertainty in
estimating Earth's climate sensitivity. Here we develop a feedback analysis that decomposes …

Robustly modeling the inner edge of the habitable zone is essential for determining the most
promising potentially habitable exoplanets for atmospheric characterization. Global climate …

Anvil clouds cover extensive areas of the tropics, and their response to global warming can
affect cloud feedbacks and climate sensitivity. A growing number of models and theories …

Abstract The Fixed Anvil Temperature (FAT) hypothesis proposes that upper tropospheric
cloud fraction peaks at a special isotherm that is independent of surface temperature. It has …

Tropical anvil clouds play a large role in the Earth's radiation balance, but their effect on
global warming is uncertain. The conventional paradigm for these clouds attributes their …

Simple Spectral Models for Atmospheric Radiative Cooling in: Journal of the Atmospheric
Sciences Volume 77 Issue 2 (2020) Jump to Content Jump to Main Navigation Logo Logo Logo …