CD45 is an evolutionary highly conserved receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase exclusively
expressed on all nucleated cells of the hematopoietic system. It is characterized by the …

Consideration of the possibility that T lymphocytes might be central to the pathogenesis of
rheumatoid arthritis (RA) first became prominent in the 1980s (1). Only after new approaches …

The stress of parturition in the dairy cow is associated with increased susceptibility to
infectious disease. During the periparturient period the demands for calcium are increased; …

Introduction Anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies are found in rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
patients with HLA-DRβ chains encoding the shared epitope (SE) sequence. Citrullination …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory disease of the synovium of uncertain
pathogenesis. A number of phenotypic and functional T-cell defects have been described in …

Oxidative stress plays an important role in the induction of T lymphocyte
hyporesponsiveness observed in several human pathologies including cancer, rheumatoid …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is recognized to be an autoimmune disease that causes
preclinical systemic abnormalities and eventually leads to synovial inflammation and …

Chapter summary The strong association between specific alleles encoded within the MHC
class II region and the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has provided the best …

Although long-term clinical studies have shown no excessive risk of lymphomain rheumatoid
arthritis (RA) patients treated with methotrexate (MTX), an increasing number of reports of …

A role for TNF-α in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory disease is now firmly
established. Paradoxically, TNF also has potent immunomodulatory effects on CD4+ T …