A growing awareness of the diversity and ubiquity of microbes (eukaryotes, prokaryotes, and
viruses) associated with larger 'host'organisms has led to the realisation that many diseases …

The profound influence of microorganisms on human life and global biogeochemical cycles
underlines the value of studying the biogeography of microorganisms, exploring microbial …

As global biodiversity continues to reduce at an alarming rate, threatened species are
increasingly being brought under intensive management or into captivity. However, current …

During the ongoing biodiversity crisis, captive conservation and breeding programs offer a
refuge for species to persist and provide source populations for reintroduction efforts …

Vertebrates harbour microbes both internally and externally, and collectively, these
microorganisms (the 'microbiome') contain genes that outnumber the host's genetic …

Highlights•The microbiomes in many animal and plant hosts are diverse and
variable.•Within-host processes are dominated by host-microbe and among-microbe …

Symbiotic microbial communities may interact with infectious pathogens sharing a common
host. The microbiome may limit pathogen infection or, conversely, an invading pathogen can …

Host-associated microbes are vital for combatting infections and maintaining health. In
amphibians, certain skin-associated bacteria inhibit the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium …

Recent research in humans, livestock, and wildlife using high-throughput next-generation
sequencing (NGS) has identified that resident microbiota play an essential role in disease …

Here we review the knowledge about skin microbiomes in amphibians accumulated over the
last two decades and the evidence regarding the protective role of skin bacteria. Amphibians …