Neutrophils are the first responders to inflammation and infection. Recently, an elevated
neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio has generally become a prognostic indicator of poor overall …

Cancer may be induced by many environmental and physiological conditions. Infections
with viruses, bacteria and parasites have been recognized for years to be associated with …

Humans and other mammals are colonized by microbial agents across the kingdom which
can represent a unique microbiome pattern. Dysbiosis of the microbiome has been …

The human gut microbiome (GM) is a complex ecosystem that includes numerous
prokaryotic and eukaryotic inhabitants. The composition of GM can influence an array of host …

The occurrence and development of tumors depend on the tumor microenvironment (TME),
which is made of various immune cells, activated fibroblasts, basement membrane …

Infection with Schistosoma haematobium leads to urogenital schistosomiasis, which has
been correlated with the occurrence of bladder cancer. However, mechanisms responsible …

Several foodborne zoonotic trematodes of the family Opisthorchiidae have been reported to
infect people, specifically two genera, Clonorchis and Opisthorchis. Three species …

Parasites and cancers have some common antigens. Much scientific evidence in the human
population, animal models, and in vitro experiments exhibit that parasites have significant …

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal
tract, strongly associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer development. Parasitic …

Parasite infection is one of the many environmental factors that can significantly contribute to
carcinogenesis and is already known to be associated with a variety of malignancies in both …