Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is defined as the failure of the fetus to meet its growth potential
due to a pathological factor, most commonly placental dysfunction. Worldwide, FGR is a …

Monitoring the fetal behavior does not only have implications for acute care but also for
identifying developmental disturbances that burden the entire later life. The concept, of'fetal …

The key determinant to a fetus maintaining its health is through adequate perfusion and
oxygen transfer mediated by the functioning placenta. When this equilibrium is distorted, a …

Abstract Background and objectives Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) is a fetal
condition defined as the abnormal rate of fetal growth. The pathology is a documented …

In the pregnant mother and her fetus, chronic prenatal stress results in entrainment of the
fetal heartbeat by the maternal heartbeat, quantified by the fetal stress index (FSI). Deep …

Objective Recent studies suggest that phase‐rectified signal averaging (PRSA), measured
in antepartum fetal heart rate (FHR) traces, may sensitively indicate fetal status; however, its …

Objective Phase rectified signal averaging (PRSA) is a new method of fetal heart rate
variability (fHRV) analysis that quantifies the average acceleration (AC) and deceleration …

Prenatal stress (PS) impacts early postnatal behavioural and cognitive development. This
process of 'fetal programming'is mediated by the effects of the prenatal experience on the …

Objective Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is characterized by chronic nutrient
deprivation and hypoxemia that alters the autonomous nervous system regulation of fetal …

Cardiotocography (CTG) is the most common technique for electronic fetal monitoring and
consists of the simultaneous recording of fetal heart rate (FHR) and uterine contractions. In …