Mortars are heterogeneous building materials whose raw materials, manufacturing
processes and application conditions have evolved continuously throughout history. The fact …

Physical, mechanical and carbonation progress properties of air lime mortars, formulated
with the addition of air entrainers, were analyzed, aiming to investigate the influence of air …

This paper provides a multi-technical characterization of mortar samples from the Roman
city Complutum. It aims to contribute to future conservation projects as well as …

Microstructural and compositional analysis of historical mortars is an active research field,
not only to guarantee the use of compatible repair measures, but also to guide the design of …

This research deals with the archaeometric study of mortars of two outstanding examples of
Roman architecture in Benevento (southern Italy): The Roman Theatre and the Arch of …

This work presents the results of a multidisciplinary study on the characterization of the
composition of certain joint mortars from the ancient city of Hippo (Algeria), one of the most …

Over time, the carbonated components of lime-based mortars dissolve and recrystallise,
inducing calcite cementation in the resulting micro-cracks and pores, favouring self-healing …

Lime and powdered bricks called surkhi in India have found use in many historical
constructions in northern India. In the present research, lime plasters used in 12th century …

Mortars from the cistern in Amaiur Castle (Navarre, Spain) were analysed to assess the
mortar manufacturing process and application techniques. To this end, optical microscopy …

The decay of stones in a natural environment is governed by extrinsic and intrinsic factors.
Petra is exposed for centuries to the severe climatic conditions especially temperature (T) …