The field of mitochondrial ion channels has recently seen substantial progress, including the
molecular identification of some of the channels. An integrative approach using genetics …

Mitochondria are pivotal organelles for cellular signaling and metabolism, and their
dysfunction leads to severe cellular stress. About 60-70% of the mitochondrial proteome …

We report experimentally the transport of an unfolded protein through a narrow solid-state
nanopore of 3 nm diameter as a function of applied voltage. The random coil polypeptide …

Single-molecule experimental techniques have recently shown to be of significant interest
for use in numerous applications in both the research laboratory and industrial settings …

The preprotein translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane (TOM) functions as the
main entry gate for the import of nuclear-encoded proteins into mitochondria. The major …

Mitochondrial β-barrel proteins fulfill central functions in the outer membrane like metabolite
exchange catalyzed by the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) and protein …

Virtually all mitochondrial matrix proteins and a considerable number of inner membrane
proteins carry a positively charged, N-terminal presequence and are imported by the TIM23 …

The inner membrane of mitochondria is especially protein-rich. To direct proteins into the
inner membrane, translocases mediate transport and membrane insertion of precursor …

Despite success in probing chemical reactions and dynamics of macromolecules on
submillisecond time and nanometer length scales, a major impasse faced by nanopore …

Mitochondrial proteins are almost exclusively imported into mitochondria from the cytosol in
an unfolded or partially folded conformation. Regardless of whether they are destined for the …