The brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a crucial neuromodulator in pain
transmission both in peripheral and central nervous system (CNS). Despite evidence of a …

The amygdala is a structure of the temporal lobe thought to be involved in assigning
emotional significance to environmental information and triggering adapted physiological …

Neurotrophins (NTs) belong to a family of trophic factors that regulate the survival, growth
and programmed cell death of neurons. In mammals, there are four structurally and …

The parabrachial nucleus (PBN) in the dorsal pons responds to bodily threats and transmits
alarm signals to the forebrain. Parabrachial neuron activity is enhanced during chronic pain …

This paper is the thirty-seventh consecutive installment of the annual review of research
concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2014 …

Orofacial pain represents a multidisciplinary biomedical challenge involving basic and
clinical research for which no satisfactory solution has been found. In this regard, trigeminal …

Pain and depression are frequently associated with and often persist after resolution of an
initial injury. Identifying the extent to which depression remains causally associated with …

Concussion after a force to the head is called mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).
Approximately 1 in 5 patients with mTBI will develop chronic pain (headache and …

Pain is a critical component hindering recovery and regaining of function after surgery,
particularly in the elderly. Understanding the role of pain signaling after surgery may lead to …

We investigated the role of amygdala corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) neurons in the
perturbations of descending pain inhibition caused by neuropathic pain. Forced swim …