Research and theorizing on executive function (EF) in childhood has been
disproportionately focused on preschool age children. This review paper outlines the …

Current work, play, and learning environments require multitasking activities from children,
adolescents and adults. Advances in web-enabled and multi-function devices have created …

Young children engage cognitive control reactively in response to events, rather than
proactively preparing for events. Such limitations in executive control have been explained …

An increasing number of studies has investigated the latent factor structure of executive
functions. Some studies found a three‐factor structure of inhibition, shifting, and updating …

Substantial research indicates decoding difficulties are a primary contributor to reading
comprehension problems. Yet, far less is known about sources of reading comprehension …

This study investigated whether musical training and bilingualism are associated with
enhancements in specific components of executive function, namely, task switching and …

Social problem-solving and cognitive flexibility are two critical components of young
children's development because they influence peer relationships, social skills, and overall …

Three experiments examined the difficulty of translating cues into verbal representations of
task goals by varying the degree of cue transparency (auditory transparent cues, visual …

Cognitive flexibility, the adaptation of representations and responses to new task demands,
improves dramatically in early childhood. It is unclear, however, whether flexibility is a …

Reading-specific and general color-shape cognitive flexibility were assessed in 68 first and
second graders to examine: 1) the development of graphophonological-semantic cognitive …