Liver disease accounts for two million deaths annually and is responsible for 4% of all
deaths (1 out of every 25 deaths worldwide); approximately two-thirds of all liver-related …

The term cirrhosis-associated immune dysfunction (CAID) comprises the distinctive
spectrum of immune alterations associated with the course of end-stage liver disease …

Summary The EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) on the management of hepatic
encephalopathy (HE) present evidence-based answers to a set of relevant questions (where …

Background & Aims Chronic liver disease (CLD) and cirrhosis are associated with immune
dysregulation, leading to concerns that affected patients may be at risk of adverse outcomes …

In patients with cirrhosis and chronic liver disease, acute-on-chronic liver failure is emerging
as a major cause of mortality. These guidelines indicate the preferred approach to the …

Background & Aims Acute decompensation (AD) of cirrhosis is defined as the acute
development of ascites, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, hepatic encephalopathy, infection or …

Background & Aims Acute decompensation (AD) of cirrhosis may present without acute-on-
chronic liver failure (ACLF)(AD-No ACLF), or with ACLF (AD-ACLF), defined by organ failure …

The natural history of cirrhosis is characterised by an asymptomatic compensated phase
followed by a decompensated phase, marked by the development of overt clinical signs, the …

Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a syndrome characterised by acute decompensation
of chronic liver disease associated with organ failures and high short-term mortality. Alcohol …

Acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (ACLF) in cirrhosis is characterized by acute decompensation
(AD), organ failure (s), and high short‐term mortality. Recently, we have proposed (systemic …