Bone tissue engineering has been continuously developing since the concept of “tissue
engineering” has been proposed. Biomaterials that are used as the basic material for the …

Abstract 3D printed bone scaffolds have the potential to replace autografts and allografts
because of advantages such as unlimited supply and the ability to tailor the scaffolds' …

A major advantage of additive manufacturing (AM) technologies is the ability to print
customized products, which makes these technologies well suited for the orthopedic …

Selective laser melting (SLM) is one of the three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques that
manufacturing versatile porous scaffolds with precise architectures for potential orthopedic …

Tissue engineering has acquired remarkable attention as an alternative strategy to treat and
restore bone defects during recent years. A scaffold is a fundamental component for tissue …

One of the biggest challenges in the biocompatibility of implantable metals is the prevention
of the stress shielding effect, which is related to the coupling of the bone-metal mechanical …

Additive manufacturing (AM) enables fully dense biomimetic implants in the designed
geometries from preferred materials such as titanium and its alloys. Titanium aluminum …

With the ability to produce components with complex and precise structures, additive
manufacturing or 3D printing techniques are now widely applied in both industry and …

Critically engineered stiffness and strength of a scaffold are crucial for managing
maladapted stress concentration and reducing stress shielding. At the same time, suitable …

Over the past decade, tremendous growth has been witnessed in the synthesis of scaffolds
fabricated by natural or synthetic, composite, or hybrid biomaterials to enhance wound …