Cell-free gene expression (CFE) systems empower synthetic biologists to build biological
molecules and processes outside of living intact cells. The foundational principle is that …

Highlights•The mRNA-based vaccines are tunable quality-by-design immunotherapy
modalities for different diseases.•Self-amplifying mRNA (saRNA) vaccines, a kind of mRNA …

The design and optimization of metabolic pathways, genetic systems, and engineered
proteins rely on high-throughput assays to streamline design-build-test-learn cycles …

The site-specific incorporation of non-canonical amino acids (ncAAs) into proteins via amber
suppression provides access to novel protein properties, structures, and functions …

Prokaryotic cell-free coupled transcription–translation (TX-TL) systems are emerging as a
powerful tool to examine natural product biosynthetic pathways in a test tube. The key …

The rapid development of synthetic biology has enabled the production of compounds with
revolutionary improvements in biotechnology. DNA manipulation tools have expedited the …

Cell-free expression systems (CFEs) are cutting-edge research tools used in the
investigation of biological phenomena and the engineering of novel biotechnologies. While …

Many bacterial mechanisms for highly specific and sensitive detection of heavy metals and
other hazards have been reengineered to serve as sensors. In some cases, these sensors …

Many goals in synthetic biology, including the elucidation and refactoring of biosynthetic
pathways and the engineering of regulatory circuits and networks, require knowledge of …

Cell-free expression systems provide a suite of tools that are used in applications from
sensing to biomanufacturing. One of these applications is genetic circuit prototyping, where …