The ocean has absorbed 25±2% of the total anthropogenic CO2 emissions from the early
1960s to the late 2010s, with rates more than tripling over this period and with a mean …

Abstract Changes in ocean heat content (OHC) provide a measure of ocean warming, with
impacts on the Earth system. This Review synthesizes estimates of past and future OHC …

A new record minimum for Antarctic sea ice | Nature Reviews Earth & Environment Skip to
main content Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited …

The global physical and biogeochemical environment has been substantially altered in
response to increased atmospheric greenhouse gases from human activities. In 2023, the …

Sea-level variations spread over a very broad spectrum of spatial and temporal scales as a
result of complex processes occurring in the Earth System in response to natural variability …

The world's oceans are under threat from the prevalence of heatwaves caused by climate
change. Despite this, there is a lack of understanding regarding their impact on seawater …

Abstract The Southern Ocean serves as the primary gateway through which the
intermediate, deep, and bottom waters of the ocean interact with the surface ocean (and thus …

The sea‐land breeze (SLB) occurs regularly in coastal areas and influences the local
climate and atmospheric environment. Fifteen‐year observations (2005–2019) from urban …

The increased frequency and intensity of short-term extreme warming phenomena have
been associated to harsh biological and ecosystem outcomes (ie, mass mortalities in marine …

Sea ice is an important and complex component of the Earth system and is considered a
sensitive indicator of climate change. The seasonal sea ice cycle regulates the exchange of …