Plant diseases reduce crop yields and threaten global food security, making the selection of
disease-resistant cultivars a major goal of crop breeding. Broad-spectrum resistance (BSR) …

Sheath blight caused by necrotrophic fungus Rhizoctonia solani Kühn is one of the most
serious diseases of rice. Use of high yielding semi dwarf cultivars with dense planting and …

The WRKY transcription factor (TF) gene family expanded greatly in the evolutionary
process from green algae to flowering plants through whole genome, segmental, and …

As the most widely used herbal medicine in human history and a major defence hormone in
plants against a broad spectrum of pathogens and abiotic stresses, salicylic acid (SA) has …

To defend themselves against invading pathogens plants utilize a complex regulatory
network that coordinates extensive transcriptional and metabolic reprogramming. Although …

Background Crops are constantly attacked by various pathogens. These pathogenic
microorganisms, such as fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, viruses, and nematodes, threaten …

In natural or agricultural environments, plants are constantly exposed to a wide range of
biotic and abiotic stresses. Given the forecasted global climate changes, plants will cope …

Pathogens utilize multiple types of effectors to modulate plant immunity. Although many
apoplastic and cytoplasmic effectors have been reported, nuclear effectors have not been …

The WRKY transcription factors have been implicated in multiple biological processes in
plants, especially in regulating defense against biotic and abiotic stresses. However, little …

Crop diseases cause enormous yield losses and threaten global food security. The use of
highly resistant cultivars can effectively control plant diseases, but in crops, genetic immunity …