Covalent drugs have been used to treat diseases for more than a century, but tools that
facilitate the rational design of covalent drugs have emerged more recently. The purposeful …

The Nrf2 transcription factor governs the expression of hundreds genes involved in cell
defense against oxidative stress, the hallmark of numerous diseases such as …

The Krebs cycle-derived metabolite itaconate and its derivatives suppress the inflammatory
response in pro-inflammatory" M1" macrophages. However, alternatively activated" M2" …

Mitochondria are signaling organelles that regulate a wide variety of cellular functions and
can dictate cell fate. Multiple mechanisms contribute to communicate mitochondrial fitness to …

Electrophilic compounds originating from nature or chemical synthesis have profound effects
on immune cells. These compounds are thought to act by cysteine modification to alter the …

Targeted covalent inhibitors (TCIs) are designed to bind poorly conserved amino acids by
means of reactive groups, the so-called warheads. Currently, targeting noncatalytic cysteine …

Abstract Systems medicine has a mechanism-based rather than a symptom-or organ-based
approach to disease and identifies therapeutic targets in a nonhypothesis-driven manner. In …

Activated immune cells undergo a metabolic switch to aerobic glycolysis akin to the Warburg
effect, thereby presenting a potential therapeutic target in autoimmune disease. Dimethyl …

Metabolic reprogramming has become a key focus for both immunologists and cancer
biologists, with exciting advances providing new insights into the mechanisms underlying …

Ligand-dependent protein degradation has emerged as a compelling strategy to
pharmacologically control the protein content of cells. So far, however, only a limited number …