Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder of aging. The hallmark
pathophysiology includes the development of neuronal Lewy bodies in the substantia nigra …

Changes in the function and microbiome of the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract have
been documented in Parkinson's disease (PD), although most studies have examined …

The ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) function is a multifaceted construct that
reflects functionality in different daily life situations. The loss of ADL function due to cognitive …

There are few studies investigating the short-term effects of Virtual Reality based
Exergaming (EG) on motor and cognition simultaneously and pursue the brain functional …

The Attentional Control Theory (ACT) posits that, while trait anxiety may not directly impact
performance, it can influence processing efficiency by prompting the use of compensatory …

Rationale Parkinson's disease (PD) impairs working memory (WM)—the ability to maintain
items in memory for short periods of time and manipulate them. There is conflicting evidence …

Deficits in working memory (WM) and processing speed (PS) are thought to undermine other
cognitive functions in de novo Parkinson's disease (dnPD). However, these …

Background: Working memory (WM) is often assessed with serial order tests such as
repeating digits backward. In prior dementia research using the Backward Digit Span Test …

Disturbances in intrinsic activity during resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI) are common in
Parkinson's disease (PD), but have largely been studied in a priori defined subnetworks …

Background Despite dopaminergic depletion that is severe enough to cause the motor
symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), many patients remain cognitively unimpaired. Little …