A lubricant is derived from mineral oils or synthetic hydrocarbon blends. However, in order to
fulfill the requirements set by the Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs), they lack …

In spite of good development and progress in lubricants, billions US dollars are being lost in
many industries and motor vehicles globally due to engine frictions. Therefore, there is a …

In this paper, we report the global fuel energy consumption in heavy-duty road vehicles due
to friction in engines, transmissions, tires, auxiliary equipment, and brakes. Four categories …

This study provides a comprehensive and up-to-date life-cycle comparison of hydrogen fuel
cell electric trucks (FCETs) and their conventional diesel counterparts in terms of energy use …

We present an overview of the aerodynamics of heavy vehicles, such as tractor-trailers, high-
speed trains, and buses. We introduce three-dimensional flow structures around simplified …

Friction has caused a substantial amount of property damage in many industries worldwide,
and the continuous progress of industrial production requires the development of high …

Wind load and responses are the major factors which govern the design norms of tall
buildings. Corner modification is one of the most commonly used minor shape modification …

Bluff body vehicles such as trucks and buses do not have a streamlined shapes and hence
have high drag which can be reduced to make great savings in operational cost. While …

Improving vehicle fuel consumption, performance and aerodynamic efficiency by drag
reduction especially in heavy vehicles is one of the indispensable issues of automotive …

Organizations increasingly adopt technologies and logistics measures to improve their
social sustainability, reduce transportation‐related carbon emissions, or even design their …