Protein folding is inherently error prone, especially in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Even
with an elaborate network of molecular chaperones and protein folding facilitators …

Protein homeostasis mechanisms are fundamentally important to match cellular needs and
to counteract stress conditions. A fundamental challenge is to understand how defective …

The covalent conjugation of ubiquitin family proteins is a widespread post-translational
protein modification. In the ubiquitin family, the ATG8 subfamily is exceptional because it is …

Upregulation of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) helps tumor cells escape from immune
surveillance, and therapeutic antibodies targeting PD-1/PD-L1 have shown better patient …

Recessive variants in GBA1 cause Gaucher disease, a prevalent form of lysosome storage
disease. GBA1 encodes a lysosomal enzyme that hydrolyzes glucosylceramide (GlcCer) …

The abnormal upregulation of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) on tumor cells impedes
T-cell mediated cytotoxicity through PD-1 engagement, and further exploring the …

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is caused by imbalance in lipid metabolism. In this
study, we show that the hepatokine orosomucoid (ORM) 2 is a key regulator of de novo …

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays important roles in biosynthetic and metabolic
processes, including protein and lipid synthesis, Ca2+ homeostasis regulation, and …

Ceramides are essential precursors of complex sphingolipids and act as potent signaling
molecules. Ceramides are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and receive their …

Eukaryotic cells are used as cell factories to produce and secrete multitudes of recombinant
pharmaceutical proteins, including several of the current top-selling drugs. Due to the …