We review applications of string theory to cosmology, from primordial times to the present-
day accelerated expansion. Starting with a brief overview of cosmology and string …

The Swampland program aims to distinguish effective theories which can be completed into
quantum gravity in the ultraviolet from those which cannot. This article forms an introduction …

It has been notoriously difficult to construct a meta-stable de Sitter (dS) vacuum in string
theory in a controlled approximation. This suggests the possibility that meta-stable dS …

The recently introduced swampland criterion for de Sitter [17] can be viewed as a
(hierarchically large) bound on the smallness of the slow roll parameter 𝜖 V. This leads us to …

We present a brief overview of attempts to construct de Sitter vacua in string theory and
explain how the results of this 20-year endeavor could point to the fact that string theory …

The past two decades have seen transformative advances in cosmology and string theory.
Observations of the cosmic microwave background have revealed strong evidence for …

De Sitter solutions have been recently conjectured to be incompatible with quantum gravity.
In this paper we critically assess the progress and challenges of different mechanisms to …

We give an overview of moduli stabilization in compactifications of string theory. We
summarize current methods for construction and analysis of vacua with stabilized moduli …

According to a conjecture recently put forward in, the scalar potential V of any consistent
theory of quantum gravity satisfies a bound|∇ V|/V≥ O (1). This forbids de Sitter solutions …

A bstract Type II string theory and M-theory admit flux configurations that break
supersymmetry below the Kaluza-Klein scale. These backgrounds play a central role in most …