In recent years, much new data on intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) have been
published, and major breakthroughs have been disclosed. The aim of the present review is …

Stroke is the fifth leading cause of death in the US, with more than 100,000 deaths annually.
There are a multitude of risks associated with stroke, including aging, cardiovascular …

Abstract The lipopolysaccharide (LPS)–toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) pathway plays an
important role in liver failure. Recombinant alkaline phosphatase (recAP) deactivates LPS …

Background: The endogenous ecto-enzyme and exogenously administered alkaline
phosphatase (ALP) have been evidenced to significantly attenuate inflammatory conditions …

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) released from injured or dying cells is a potent pro-
inflammatory “danger” signal. Alkaline phosphatase (AP), an endogenous enzyme that de …

Background Ischemia/reperfusion injury is the leading cause of acute kidney injury (AKI).
The current standard of care focuses on supporting kidney function, stating the need for …

Background: Intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) as a tissue-specific isozyme of alkaline
phosphatases is predominantly produced by enterocytes in the proximal small intestine. In …

Organic anion transporters (OATs) 1 and 3 are, besides being uptake transporters, key in
several cellular metabolic pathways. The underlying mechanisms are largely unknown …

Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease characterized by
immune response mediated islet beta cells destruction. However, the mechanisms that …

Alkaline phosphatases (APs) are homodimeric glycoproteins (EC. 3.1. 3.1) widely distributed
in numerous species that catalyze the hydrolysis, at alkaline pH, of phosphate groups …