Although the first ancient DNA molecules were extracted more than three decades ago, the
first ancient nuclear genomes could only be characterized after high-throughput sequencing …

In‐depth knowledge about spatial and temporal variation in microbial diversity and function
is needed for a better understanding of ecological and evolutionary responses to global …

Modern humans appeared in Europe by at least 45,000 years ago 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, but the extent
of their interactions with Neanderthals, who disappeared by about 40,000 years ago 6, and …

Modern humans expanded into Eurasia more than 40,000 years ago following their
dispersal out of Africa. These Eurasians carried~ 2–3% Neanderthal ancestry in their …

Artefacts made from stones, bones and teeth are fundamental to our understanding of
human subsistence strategies, behaviour and culture in the Pleistocene. Although these …

Abstract The Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition in Europe is associated with the
regional disappearance of Neanderthals and the spread of Homo sapiens. Late …

Much remains unknown about the population history of early modern humans in southeast
Asia, where the archaeological record is sparse and the tropical climate is inimical to the …

Abstract The Neolithic and Bronze Ages were highly transformative periods for the genetic
history of Europe but for the Aegean—a region fundamental to Europe's prehistory—the …

The integration of massively parallel sequencing (MPS) technology into forensic casework
has been of particular benefit to the identification of unknown military service members …

Knowledge on the population history of endangered species is critical for conservation, but
whole-genome data on chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) is geographically sparse. Here, we …