T cells are the main effector cells in immune response against tumors. The activation of T
cells is regulated by the innate immune system through positive and negative costimulatory …

B7H3 (also known as CD276, an immune checkpoint molecule) is aberrantly overexpressed
in many types of cancer, and such upregulation is generally associated with a poor clinical …

Understanding the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) promises to be key for optimal
cancer therapy, especially in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Integrating spatial …

Checkpoint immunotherapy has yielded meaningful responses across many cancers but
has shown modest efficacy in advanced prostate cancer. B7 homolog 3 protein (B7 …

TGFβ contributes to chemoresistance in advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) via diverse
immune-microenvironment mechanisms. Here, we found that cancer cell autonomous TGFβ …

The coinhibitory molecule B7-H4, an important member of the B7 family, is abnormally
expressed in tumors, inflammation and autoimmune diseases. B7-H4 negatively regulates T …

Abstract Background Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is a critical regulator of T cell
function, contributing to immune tolerance. Upregulation of IDO1 has been found in many …

Targeting the anti-tumor immune response via the B7 family of immune-regulatory
checkpoint proteins has revolutionized cancer treatment and resulted in punctuated …

The transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily participates in tumour proliferation,
apoptosis, differentiation, migration, invasion, immune evasion and extracellular matrix …

The Ras-responsive element binding protein 1 (RREB1) is a member of zinc finger
transcription factors, which is widely involved in biological processes including cell …