Multimodal Influence of Estrogen upon Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neurons | Endocrine
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In mammals, photoperiodic information is transformed into a melatonin secretory rhythm in
the pineal gland (high levels at night, low levels during the day). Melatonin exerts its effects …

Many mammalian species from temperate latitudes exhibit seasonal variations in breed-ing
activity which are controlled by the annual photoperiodic cycle. Photoperiodic information is …

Contents Farm mammals generally express seasonal variations in their production traits,
thus inducing changing availability of fresh derived animal products (meat, milk and cheese) …

Recent data have demonstrated that mutations in the receptor for neurokinin B (NKB), the
NK-3 receptor (NK3R), produce hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in humans. These data …

Annual variations in day length are responsible for seasonal changes in reproductive activity
in sheep. However, in constant photoperiodic conditions, ewes express an endogenous …

Most mammals living at temperate latitudes exhibit marked seasonal variations in
reproduction. In long‐lived species, it is assumed that timely physiological alternations …

In humans, as in the other mammals, the neuroendocrine control of reproduction is ensured
by the brain-pituitary gonadotropic axis. Multiple internal and environmental cues are …

Sheep in temperate latitudes are seasonal breeders. Of the different seasonal cues,
photoperiod is the most reliable parameter and is used by animals as an indication of the …

Sheep and goat are seasonally polyestrous animals, which means they exhibit spontaneous
estrus and ovulation during periods of short daylight (breeding season) but not during …