Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are characterized by their unique capacity for both unlimited
self-renewal and their potential to differentiate to all cell lineages contained within the three …

Mitochondria, originally of bacterial origin, are highly dynamic organelles that have evolved
a symbiotic relationship within eukaryotic cells. Mitochondria undergo dynamic, stage …

Background: In addition to scalability, human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have the unique
advantage of allowing their directed differentiation toward lineage-specific cells. Objectives …

While metabolism was initially thought to play a passive role in cell biology by generating
ATP to meet bioenergetic demands, recent studies have identified critical roles for …

The association between maternal immune activation (MIA) during pregnancy and risk for
offspring neuropsychiatric disorders has been increasingly recognized over the past several …

One of the major sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated within stem cells is
the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase family of enzymes …

Detailed characterization of cell type transitions is essential for cell biology in general and
particularly for the development of stem cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine. To …

Significance: The geological record shows that as atmospheric O2 levels increased, it
concomitantly coincided with the evolution of metazoans. More complex, higher organisms …

Humans and wildlife, including domesticated animals, are exposed to a myriad of
environmental contaminants that are derived from various human activities, including …

Metabolic switches are a crucial hallmark of cellular development and regeneration. In
response to changes in their environment or physiological state, cells undergo coordinated …