The avermectins and milbemycins contain a common macrocyclic lactone (ML) ring, but are
fermentation products of different organisms. The principal structural difference is that …

COVID-19 is announced as a global pandemic in 2020. Its mortality and morbidity rate are
rapidly increasing, with limited medications. The emergent outbreak of COVID-19 prompted …

Anthelmintic resistance has a great impact on livestock production systems worldwide, is an
emerging concern in companion animal medicine, and represents a threat to our ongoing …

Parasitic helminths cause significant disease in animals and humans. In the absence of
alternative treatments, anthelmintics remain the principal agents for their control. Resistance …

Transporters in the human liver play a major role in the clearance of endo-and xenobiotics.
Apical (canalicular) transporters extrude compounds to the bile, while basolateral …

Ivermectin is an endectocide that has been used broadly in single dose community
campaigns for the control of onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis for more than 30 years …

The review presents metabolic properties of Ivermectin (IVM) as substrate and inhibitor of
human P450 (P450, CYP) enzymes and drug transporters. IVM is metabolized, both in vivo …

P-glycoprotein (PGP) is a pivotal transmembrane transporter governing the cellular flux of
diverse substances shielding mammals from toxics. It can thwart the effectiveness of …

The discovery and characterization of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) as an efflux
transporter conferring multidrug resistance has set off a remarkable trajectory in the …

Covid-19 may be associated with various neurological disorders, including dysautonomia, a
dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). In Covid-19, hypoxia …