The accessory protein Nef of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a primary determinant
of viral pathogenesis. Nef is abundantly expressed during infection and reroutes a variety of …

Host restriction factors affect different phases of a viral life cycle, contributing to innate
immunity as the first line of defense against viruses, including HIV-1. These restriction factors …

The host proteins SERINC3 and SERINC5 are HIV-1 restriction factors that reduce infectivity
when incorporated into the viral envelope. The HIV-1 accessory protein Nef abrogates …

Influenza A virus (IAV) coopts numerous host factors to complete its replication cycle. Here,
we identify free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2) as a cofactor for IAV entry into host cells. We …

To enter a cell and establish infection, HIV must first fuse its lipid envelope with the host cell
plasma membrane. Whereas the process of HIV membrane fusion can be tracked by …

Serine incorporator protein 5 (SERINC5) is the host antiretroviral factor that reduces HIV-1
infectivity by incorporating into virions and inhibiting the envelope glycoprotein (Env) …

The SERINC (serine incorporator) proteins are host restriction factors that inhibit infection by
HIV through their incorporation into virions. Here, we found that SERINC3 and SERINC5 …

To enhance infection, enveloped viruses exploit adhesion molecules expressed on the
surface of host cells. Specifically, phosphatidylserine (PS) receptors–including members of …

ABSTRACT Serine incorporator 5 (SERINC5) is a recently identified restriction factor that
strongly blocks HIV-1 entry but is counteracted by Nef. Notably, tier 1 HIV-1 Env proteins are …

HIV infection of astrocytes leads to restricted gene expression and replication but abundant
expression of HIV early genes Tat, Nef and Rev. A great deal of neuroHIV research has so …