Early-Life Origins of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | New England Journal of Medicine
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Streptococcus pneumoniae is an infectious pathogen responsible for millions of deaths
worldwide. Diseases caused by this bacterium are classified as pneumococcal diseases …

Pneumonia is a type of acute lower respiratory infection that is common and severe. The
outcome of lower respiratory infection is determined by the degrees to which immunity is …

In barely nine months, the pandemic known as COVID‐19 has spread over 200 countries,
affecting more than 22 million people and causing over than 786 000 deaths. Elderly people …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease with high incidence rate and
mortality rates worldwide. It is the third leading cause of death in the world. Nevertheless …

Background Early life events may predispose to the development of chronic lung disease in
adulthood. Aim To provide an update on current knowledge of early nongenetic origins of …

The main risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is active smoking.
However, a considerable amount of people with COPD never smoked, and increasing …

Differential findings have been reported on the association between neighborhood
greenness and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The underlying reasons …

Epidemiological evidence of the effects of PM2. 5 elements on lung function and DNA
methylation is limited. We conducted a longitudinal panel study of 76 healthy older adults …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common and progressive disease that
is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. For many years, knowledge of the …