Oxygen (O 2) toxicity remains a concern, particularly to the lung. This is mainly related to
excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Supplemental O 2, ie inspiratory O …

Abstract The Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic
Shock 2020 (J-SSCG 2020), a Japanese-specific set of clinical practice guidelines for sepsis …

Sepsis is life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to
infection (1). Sepsis and septic shock are major healthcare problems, impacting millions of …

Background Invasive mechanical ventilation in critically ill adults involves adjusting the
fraction of inspired oxygen to maintain arterial oxygen saturation. The oxygen-saturation …

Background There is no proven specific pharmacological treatment for patients with the
acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The efficacy of corticosteroids in ARDS …

Importance Extenuating circumstances can trigger unplanned changes to randomized trials
and introduce methodological, ethical, feasibility, and analytical challenges that can …

Sepsis is a common condition that is associated with unacceptably high mortality and, for
many of those who survive, long-term morbidity. Increased awareness of the condition …

Importance Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening form of
respiratory failure that affects approximately 200 000 patients each year in the United States …

Cardiogenic shock is a high-acuity, potentially complex, and hemodynamically diverse state
of end-organ hypoperfusion that is frequently associated with multisystem organ failure …

Background Supplemental oxygen is often administered liberally to acutely ill adults, but the
credibility of the evidence for this practice is unclear. We systematically reviewed the efficacy …