The age of an experimental animal can be a critical variable, yet age matters are often
overlooked within neuroscience. Many studies make use of young animals, without …

Cognitive deficits in schizophrenia are among the core symptoms of the disease, correlate
with functional outcome, and are not well treated with current antipsychotic therapies. In …

Integration of separate memories forms the basis of inferential reasoning—an essential
cognitive process that enables complex behavior. Considerable evidence suggests that both …

The reuniens and rhomboid nuclei, located in the ventral midline of the thalamus, have long
been regarded as having non-specific effects on the cortex, while other evidence suggests …

Specific brain circuits have been classically linked to dedicated functions. However,
compensation following brain damage suggests that these circuits are capable of dynamic …

BACKGROUND: Prenatal alcohol exposure can alter physical and behavioral development,
leading to a range of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Despite warning labels, pregnant …

Kynurenic acid (KYNA), an astrocyte-derived metabolite, antagonizes the α7 nicotinic
acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) and, possibly, the glycine co-agonist site of the NMDA …

Aging is associated with a decline in cognitive abilities, mainly in memory and executive
functioning. A similar but premature deterioration in cognitive capacities is the hallmark of …

In recent years, two separate research streams have focused on information sharing
between the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus (HC). Research into spatial …

There is a current controversy regarding whether non-human animals have a capacity for
episodic memory, defined by the ability to remember what happened and where and when it …