Research over the past 30 years has led to a widespread acceptance that insects establish
widespread and diverse associations with microorganisms. More recently, microbiome …

The peritrophic matrix (PM) is an acellular chitin and glycoprotein layer that lines the
invertebrate midgut. The PM has long been considered a physical as well as a biochemical …

The development of insecticide resistance in insect pests is a worldwide concern and
elucidating the underlying mechanisms is critical for effective crop protection. Recent studies …

Dengue virus is one of the most important arboviral pathogens and the causative agent of
dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, and dengue shock syndrome. It is transmitted …

Insect immune systems can recognize specific pathogens and prime offspring immunity.
High specificity of immune priming can be achieved when insect females transfer immune …

Bacillus thuringiensis is a widely used bacterial entomopathogen producing insecticidal
toxins, some of which are expressed in insect-resistant transgenic crops. Surprisingly, the …

Background Insect midgut microbiota is important in host nutrition, development and
immune response. Recent studies indicate possible links between insect gut microbiota and …

Holometabolous insects undergo a radical anatomical re-organisation during
metamorphosis. This poses a developmental challenge: the host must replace the larval gut …

Lepidopteran insects constitute one of the largest fractions of animals on earth, but are
considered pests in their relationship with man. Key to the success of this order of insects is …

1. Immune priming refers to improved protection of the host after a second encounter with
the same parasite or pathogen. This phenomenon is similar to that of adaptive immunity in …