Hailstorms are dangerous and costly phenomena that are expected to change in response
to a warming climate. In this Review, we summarize current knowledge of climate change …

As the planet warms, it is important to consider possible impacts of climate change on
severe thunderstorms and tornadoes. To further that discussion, the current distribution of …

Severe Convective Storms across Europe and the United States. Part II: ERA5
Environments Associated with Lightning, Large Hail, Severe Wind, and Tornadoes in …

In this study we compared 3.7 million rawinsonde observations from 232 stations over
Europe and North America with proximal vertical profiles from ERA5 and MERRA-2 to …

The response of severe convective storms to a warming climate is poorly understood outside
of a few well studied regions. Here, projections from seven global climate models from the …

Globally, thunderstorms are responsible for a significant fraction of rainfall, and in the mid-
latitudes often produce extreme weather, including large hail, tornadoes and damaging …

Long-term trends in the historical frequency of environments supportive of atmospheric
convection are unclear, and only partially follow the expectations of a warming climate. This …

The processes leading to the development of hail and the distribution of these events
worldwide are reviewed. Microphysical and physical characteristics of hail development are …

The climatology of (severe) thunderstorm days is investigated on a pan-European scale for
the period of 1979–2017. For this purpose, sounding measurements, surface observations …

Substantial progress has been made recently relating the large-scale climate system and
hazardous convective weather (HCW; tornadoes, hail, and damaging wind), particularly over …