Previous tutorial articles 1, 2 have covered some of the differences in physiology, behavior,
and pharmacology that exist between donkeys and horses. Although donkeys and mules …

Simple Summary Heart rate variability (HRV) is an increasingly used research tool in animal
science and is employed as a noninvasive physiological measure in animal welfare …

A variety of local and regional anesthetic techniques may be used to provide anesthesia and
analgesia for surgical procedures in equine patients. Unlike many species, local anesthetic …

Simple Summary Despite the growing interest in donkey's welfare, there is little scientific
evidence in this species about the analgesic effect of the drugs most used in horses. Total …

Objective To compare the sedative and clinical effects of intravenous (IV) administration of
dexmedetomidine and xylazine in dromedary calves. Study design Experimental, crossover …

Aim Gastrointestinal effects of different doses of dexmedetomidine in donkeys are still
unidentified. The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of different doses of …

The present study aimed to compare the sedative and analgesic effects of caudal epidural
administration of lidocaine alone or in combination with four different α 2-adrenergic …

Background Local and regional anesthetic procedures are valuable tools in veterinary
practice. Caudal epidural administration of local anesthetic agents is widely reported for …

Aim: To evaluate the sedative and clinical effects of I/V xylazine, detomidine, medetomidine
and dexmedetomidine in miniature donkeys. Methods: Seven clinically healthy, male adult …

Background The aims of this study were evaluate cardiopulmonary, sedative and
antinociceptive effects of dexmedetomidine–lidocaine combination via lumbosacral epidural …