Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) are key sensors of virus
infection, mediating the transcriptional induction of type I interferons and other genes that …

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and inflammasomes are a key part of the anti-viral
innate immune system as they detect conserved viral pathogen-associated molecular …

Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) are RNA sensor molecules that
play essential roles in innate antiviral immunity. Among the three RLRs encoded by the …

A novel SARS-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has recently emerged as a serious
pathogen that causes high morbidity and substantial mortality. However, the mechanisms by …

RIG-I (Retinoic acid-inducible gene I) and MDA5 (Melanoma Differentiation-Associated
protein 5), collectively known as the RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs), are key protein sensors of …

All lifeforms have developed highly sophisticated systems equipped to detect altered self
and non-self nucleic acids (NA). In vertebrates, NA-sensing receptors safeguard the integrity …

Interferon (IFN) signaling induces the expression of a wide array of genes, collectively
referred to as IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) that generally function to inhibit viral replication …

The recently emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2),
which is the causative agent of ongoing global pandemic of COVID-19, may trigger …

Ubiquitination is a highly conserved and fundamental posttranslational modification (PTM) in
all eukaryotes regulating thousands of proteins. The RING (really interesting new gene) …

Faithful maintenance of immune homeostasis relies on the capacity of the cellular immune
surveillance machinery to recognize" nonself", such as the presence of pathogenic RNA …