Myopic axial elongation is associated with various non-pathological changes. These include
a decrease in photoreceptor cell and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell density and …

Purpose Despite extensive research, mechanisms regulating postnatal eye growth and
those responsible for ametropias are poorly understood. With the marked recent increases …

Worldwide, myopia is the leading cause of visual impairment. It results from inappropriate
extension of the ocular axis and concomitant declines in scleral strength and thickness …

A posterior staphyloma is an outpouching of a circumscribed region of the posterior fundus
and has been considered a hallmark of pathologic myopia. Occurring in highly myopic eyes …

The global prevalence of myopia, or nearsightedness, has increased at an alarming rate
over the last few decades. An eye is myopic if incoming light focuses prior to reaching the …

Background: The process of emmetropization is the adjustment of the length of the optical
axis to the given optical properties of the cornea and lens after the end of the second year of …

Purpose: The development of myopia in guinea pigs can be inhibited by attenuating scleral
hypoxia by increasing choroidal blood perfusion (ChBP). In this study, we reduced ChBP …

The tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri) is a promising laboratory animal that possesses a closer
genetic relationship to primates than to rodents. In addition, advantages such as small size …

The process of emmetropization is the adjustment of the length of the optical axis to the
given optical properties of the cornea and lens after the end of the second year of life. Up to …

Shortly after birth, the eyes of most animals (including humans) are hyperopic because the
short axial length places the retina in front of the focal plane. During postnatal development …