The β-lactams retain a central place in the antibacterial armamentarium. In Gram-negative
bacteria, β-lactamase enzymes that hydrolyze the amide bond of the four-membered β …

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the major problems in current practical medicine. The
spread of genes coding for resistance determinants among bacteria challenges the use of …

The β-lactams are the most widely used antibacterial agents worldwide. These antibiotics, a
group that includes the penicillins and cephalosporins, are covalent inhibitors that target …

Since the introduction of penicillin, β-lactam antibiotics have been the antimicrobial agents
of choice. Unfortunately, the efficacy of these life-saving antibiotics is significantly threatened …

Carbapenemases are β-lactamases with versatile hydrolytic capacities. They have the ability
to hydrolyze penicillins, cephalosporins, monobactams, and carbapenems. Bacteria …

The simplistic image of the bacterium as an isolated, planktonic, self-cloning automaton is
refuted. We now recognize bacteria as microorganisms of enormous diversity and …

The biological diversity of the unicellular bacteria—whether assessed by shape, food,
metabolism, or ecological niche—surely rivals (if not exceeds) that of the multicellular …

Hybrid energy methods such as QM/MM and ONIOM, that combine different levels of theory
into one calculation, have been very successful in describing large systems. Geometry …

Staphylococci have two mechanisms for resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. One is the
production of β-lactamases, enzymes that hydrolytically destroy β-lactams. The other is the …

FmtA is a novel esterase that shares the penicillin-binding protein (PBP) core structural
folding but found to hydrolyze the removal of d-Ala from teichoic acids. Molecular docking …