Large-scale indexing, discovery, and ranking for the Internet of Things (IoT)

Y Fathy, P Barnaghi, R Tafazolli - ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), 2018 - dl.acm.org
Network-enabled sensing and actuation devices are key enablers to connect real-world
objects to the cyber world. The Internet of Things (IoT) consists of the network-enabled …

An improvement of symbolic aggregate approximation distance measure for time series

Y Sun, J Li, J Liu, B Sun, C Chow - Neurocomputing, 2014 - Elsevier
Abstract Symbolic Aggregate approXimation (SAX) as a major symbolic representation has
been widely used in many time series data mining applications. However, because a symbol …

A new automatic sleep staging system based on statistical behavior of local extrema using single channel EEG signal

S Seifpour, H Niknazar, M Mikaeili… - Expert Systems with …, 2018 - Elsevier
Over the past decade, converging evidence from diverse studies has demonstrated that
sleep is closely associated with the mental and physical health, quality of life, and safety …

1d-sax: A novel symbolic representation for time series

S Malinowski, T Guyet, R Quiniou… - … Symposium on Intelligent …, 2013 - Springer
Abstract SAX (Symbolic Aggregate approXimation) is one of the main symbolization
techniques for time series. A well-known limitation of SAX is that trends are not taken into …

[HTML][HTML] A machine learning-based Anomaly Detection Framework for building electricity consumption data

L Mascali, DS Schiera, S Eiraudo, L Barbierato… - … Energy, Grids and …, 2023 - Elsevier
A suboptimal management or system malfunction can often lead to abnormal energy
consumptions in buildings, which result in a significant waste of energy. For this reason, the …

Exploring the diverse world of SAX-based methodologies

L Pappa, P Karvelis, C Stylios - Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, 2025 - Springer
Abstract Symbolic Aggregate Approximation (SAX) is a widely used method for time series
data analysis, known for its ability to transform continuous data to discrete symbols. While …

Electric demand forecasting with neural networks and symbolic time series representations

D Criado-Ramón, LGB Ruíz, MC Pegalajar - Applied Soft Computing, 2022 - Elsevier
This paper addresses the electric demand prediction problem using neural networks and
symbolization techniques. Symbolization techniques provide a time series symbolic …

A new pattern representation method for time-series data

R Rezvani, P Barnaghi… - IEEE Transactions on …, 2019 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
The rapid growth of Internet of Things (IoT) and sensing technologies has led to an
increasing interest in time-series data analysis. In many domains, detecting patterns of IoT …

A novel symbolic aggregate approximation for time series

Y Yu, Y Zhu, D Wan, H Liu, Q Zhao - Proceedings of the 13th International …, 2019 - Springer
Symbolic Aggregate approximation (SAX) is a classical symbolic approach in many time
series data mining applications. However, SAX only reflects the segment mean value feature …

Detection of covert timing channel based on time series symbolization

S Wu, Y Chen, H Tian, C Sun - IEEE Open Journal of the …, 2021 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Covert Timing Channels (CTCs) is a technique to leak information. CTCs only modify inter-
arrival time sequence (IATs) between packets, consequently, traditional network security …