The cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS)–stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway has
emerged as a critical innate immune pathway that, following engagement by DNA, promotes …

Dendritic cells (DCs) exhibit a specialized antigen-presenting function and play crucial roles
in both innate and adaptive immune responses. Due to their ability to cross-present tumor …

The strategy of combining a vaccine with immune checkpoint inhibitors has been widely
investigated in cancer management, but the complete response rate for this strategy is still …

Mucosal vaccines offer the potential to trigger robust protective immune responses at the
predominant sites of pathogen infection. In principle, the induction of adaptive immunity at …

The tumor microenvironment (TME) influences cancer progression and therapy response.
Therefore, understanding what regulates the TME immune compartment is vital. Here we …

The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) cellular signaling pathway is a promising target
for cancer immunotherapy. Activation of the intracellular STING protein triggers the …

Immune-checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are
revolutionizing oncology and haematology practice. With these and other immunotherapies …

Stromal desmoplastic reaction in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) involves
significant accumulation of type I collagen (Col1). However, the precise molecular and …

Therapeutic cancer vaccines are designed to increase tumor-specific T cell immunity.
However, suppressive mechanisms within the tumor microenvironment (TME) may limit T …

CD8+ T cell-mediated cancer clearance is often suppressed by the interaction between
inhibitory molecules like PD-1 and PD-L1, an interaction acts like brakes to prevent T cell …