In April 2022, flooding and associated geohazards caused major loss of life and extensive
damage in the greater Durban region and large areas of the KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) coastal …

The forward scattering amplitudes for the spherical raindrops are determined for all raindrop
sizes at different frequencies by using the Mie scattering theory. The real parts of the …

Network fade countermeasures for link budget can be better implemented based on the
knowledge of seasonal variability of rainfall attenuation in a locality. Therefore, in this study …

The paper describes the modelling of the average rainfall rate distribution measured at
different locations in South Africa. There are three major aspects this paper addresses: to …

Millimeter and microwave system design at higher frequencies require as input a 1-min rain-
rate cumulative distribution function for estimating the level of degradation that can be …

Rain-induced attenuation in the vertically polarised signal propagating at 32.6 GHz over a
terrestrial path link of 1.4 km was measured for a period of one year (ie from January to …

Rain cell size is an input requirement for rain-induced attenuation studies. It is useful in
estimating the extent of a given radio link path that will traverse the rain medium in a given …

Rainfall is a major cause of propagation degradation in wireless communication systems at
microwave and millimetre bands. While the International Telecommunications Union (ITU-R) …

As technology advances and more demands are on satellite services, rain‐induced
attenuation still creates one of the most damaging effects of the atmosphere on the quality of …

Raindrop sizes were obtained from Butare, Rwanda (2.6° S, 29.74° E) and Durban, South
Africa (29° 52′ S, 30° 58′ E) using the Joss–Waldvogel RD-80 disdrometer. The obtained …