As a parasympathetic alkaloid and the main substance in cigarette smoke, nicotine
modulates the immune system, inhibits innate and acquired immunity and is used in treating …

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) are widely distributed in neuronal and non-
neuronal tissues, where they play diverse physiological roles. In this review, we highlight the …

Background Undernutrition is associated with unfavourable treatment outcomes among
people with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DRTB). Factors influencing the treatment outcomes …

Objective. Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAV) are a
group of systemic pauci-immune necrotising vasculitides involving small vessels …

Clinical and preclinical studies have identified immunosuppressive effects of nicotine, with
potential implications for treating nicotine addiction. Here we review how nicotine can …

With continued smoking of tobacco products and expanded use of nicotine delivery devices
worldwide, understanding the impact of smoking and vaping on respiratory health remains a …

Nicotine, one of the main ingredients of cigarettes, promotes activation of pancreatic stellate
cells (PSCs) and exacerbates pancreatic fibrosis in previous studies. Here we focus on the …

Background Tobacco smoking is associated with a reduced risk of developing sarcoidosis,
and we previously reported that nicotine normalizes immune responses to environmental …

A plethora of evidence supports that nicotine, the primary alkaloid in tobacco products that is
generally accepted to be responsible for maintaining use, is immunoregulatory and may …

Background Tuberculosis (TB) and its risk factors are independently associated with
cardiovascular disease (CVD). We determined the prevalence and associations of CVD risk …