Redundancy masking is the reduction of the perceived number of items in repeating
patterns. It shares a number of characteristics with crowding, the impairment of target …

This paper examines attention as a scientific concept, and argues that it has a patchwork
structure. On this view, the concept of attention takes on different meanings, depending on …

Crowding is the deterioration of target identification in the presence of neighboring objects.
Recent studies using appearance-based methods showed that the perceived number of …

The perception of a target depends on other stimuli surrounding it in time and space. This
contextual modulation is ubiquitous in visual perception, and is usually quantified by …

Peripheral vision is strongly limited by crowding, the deleterious influence of flanking items
on target perception. Distinguishing what is seen from what is merely inferred in crowding is …

Crowding is the deleterious influence of surrounding objects (flankers) on target
identification. A central rule of crowding is that it is stronger when the target and the flankers …

How are attention and consciousness related? Can we learn what the contents of
someone's consciousness are if we know the targets of their attention? What can we learn …

Visual scenes typically contain redundant information. One mechanism by which the visual
system compresses such redundancies is 'redundancy masking'–the reduction of the …

Some have claimed that identity crowding is a case where we consciously see an object to
which we are unable to pay attention. Opponents of this view offer alternative explanations …

Peripheral vision is limited due to several factors, such as visual resolution, crowding, and
attention. When attention is not directed towards a stimulus, detection, discrimination, and …