That senescence is rarely, if ever, observed in natural populations is an oft-quoted fallacy
within bio-gerontology. We identify the roots of this fallacy in the otherwise seminal works of …

Current thinking in life‐history theory and the biology of ageing suggests that ageing rates,
and consequently life spans, evolve largely as a function of trade‐offs with reproduction …

In fluctuating environments, mothers may enhance the fitness of their offspring by adjusting
offspring phenotypes to match the environment they will experience at independence. In free …

For social species, the environment has two components: physical and social. The social
environment modifies the individual's interaction with the physical environment, and the …

Life history theory has become a prominent framework in the evolutionary social sciences,
and the concept of trade-offs, the cornerstone of life history theory in studies on non-human …

Economic models predominate in life history research, which investigates the allocation of
an organism's resources to growth, reproduction, and maintenance. These approaches …

Helping by group members is predicted to lead to delayed senescence by affecting the trade-
off between current reproduction and future survival for dominant breeders. Here we …

Optimality theories of ageing predict that the balance between reproductive effort and
somatic maintenance determines the rate of ageing. Laboratory studies find that increased …

Fitness costs of reproduction are expected when resources are limited. Costs drive the
evolution of life‐history strategies and can affect population dynamics if females change …

Tradeoffs among demographic traits are a central component of life history theory. We
investigated tradeoffs between reproductive effort and survival in female greater sage …