Obesity leads to chronic, systemic inflammation and can lead to insulin resistance (IR), β-cell
dysfunction, and ultimately type 2 diabetes (T2D). This chronic inflammatory state …

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease, in which the immune system has a
prominent role in its development and progression. Inflammation-induced endothelial …

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial wall, characterized by the
formation of plaques containing lipid, connective tissue and immune cells in the intima of …

IL (interleukin)-6 is a pivotal cytokine of innate immunity, which enacts a broad set of
physiological functions traditionally associated with host defense, immune cell regulation …

Background IL-6 has emerged as a pivotal factor in atherothrombosis. Yet, the safety and
efficacy of IL-6 inhibition among individuals at high atherosclerotic risk but without a …

Importance Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is associated with
increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and mouse experiments suggest …

The microbiome plays a fundamental role in the maturation, function, and regulation of the
host-immune system from birth to old age. In return, the immune system has co-evolved a …

Normal circulatory function is a key determinant of disease-free life expectancy (healthspan).
Indeed, pathologies affecting the cardiovascular system, which are growing in prevalence …

Inflammation plays a prominent role in the development of atherosclerosis and other
cardiovascular diseases, and anti-inflammatory agents may improve cardiovascular …

Low-grade inflammation is the hallmark of metabolic disorders such as obesity, type 2
diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Emerging evidence indicates that these …