Ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase (ENPP) family members (ENPP1–7)
have been implicated in key biological and pathophysiological processes, including …

Pruritus in cholestatic liver diseases can be a major burden and dramatically impair the
quality of life of those affected. Here, we provide an update on the latest insights into the …

Autotaxin (ATX) is a secreted lysophospholipase D that catalyzes the production of
lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a pleiotropic growth‐factor–like lysophospholipid. Increased …

Biliary atresia is a rare cholestatic liver disease that presents in infants and rapidly advances
to death in the absence of intervention. As a result of blockage or destruction of the biliary …

Lysophospholipid signaling is emerging as a druggable regulator of pathophysiological
responses, and especially fibrosis, exemplified by the relative ongoing clinical trials in …

Purpose Ileal bile acid transporter inhibition is a novel therapeutic concept for cholestatic
pruritus and cholestatic liver disease progression. Odevixibat, a potent, selective, reversible …

Autotaxin (ATX) is a secreted glycoprotein, widely present in biological fluids including
blood. ATX catalyzes the hydrolysis of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) to lysophosphatidic …

Summary Autotaxin (ATX; ENPP2) produces the lipid mediator lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)
that signals through disparate EDG (LPA 1–3) and P2Y (LPA 4–6) G protein-coupled …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease and a leading
cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the sex …

Autotaxin (ATX) is the only enzyme of the ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/
phosphodiesterase (ENPP2) family with lysophospholipase D (lysoPLD) activity, which is …