Cell walls are essential for plant growth and development, providing support and protection
from external environments. Callose is a glucan that accumulates in specialized cell wall …

Hemipterans (such as aphids, whiteflies, and leafhoppers) are some of the most devastating
insect pests due to the numerous plant pathogens they transmit as vectors, which are …

Aphids are important herbivores of both wild and cultivated plants. Plants rely on unique
mechanisms of recognition, signalling and defence to cope with the specialized mode of …

Aphids are amongst the most damaging pests of plants that use their stylets to penetrate the
plant tissue to consume large amounts of phloem sap and thus deprive the plant of …

After three decades of the amazing progress made on molecular studies of plant–microbe
interactions (MPMI), we have begun to ask ourselves" what are the major questions still …

Phloem-feeding insects feed on plant phloem using their stylets. While ingesting phloem
sap, these insects secrete saliva to circumvent plant defenses. Previous studies have shown …

Plant defense responses against insect herbivores are induced through wound-induced
signaling and the specific perception of herbivore-associated molecular patterns (HAMPs) …

It is becoming abundantly clear that the microbes associated with plants and insects can
profoundly influence plant-insect interactions. Here, we focus on recent findings and …

Plants co-evolved with an enormous variety of microbial pathogens and insect herbivores
under daily and seasonal variations in abiotic environmental conditions. Hence, plant cells …

A transient rise in cytosolic calcium ion concentration is one of the main signals used by
plants in perception of their environment. The role of calcium in the detection of abiotic stress …