Spondyloarthritis is a group of several related but phenotypically distinct disorders: psoriatic
arthritis, arthritis related to inflammatory bowel disease, reactive arthritis, a subgroup of …

Autoimmune diseases, with the exception of rheumatoid arthritis and autoimmune thyroiditis,
are individually rare, but together they affect approximately 5 percent of the population in …

Purpose. To measure disease activity in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) based on a composite
score of domains relevant to patients and clinicians, including both selfreported items and …

Abstract The Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the key proteins that allow mammals—whether
immunologically naive or experienced—to detect microbes. They lie at the core of our …

Background Treatment options for patients with ankylosing spondylitis are few. We aimed to
assess the effectiveness of infliximab, an antibody to tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, in …

Objective A 2‐year randomized controlled trial was performed to test the hypothesis that
long‐term, continuous treatment with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), in …

Objective The signs and symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) respond inadequately to
nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, and disease‐modifying antirheumatic …

TNF and TNFR family proteins play important roles in the control of cell death, proliferation,
autoimmunity, the function of immune cells, or the organogenesis of lymphoid organs …

The aetiology of systemic, autoimmune, chronic inflammatory diseases—such as
rheumatoid arthritis—is not known, and their pathogenesis is complex and multifactorial …

Objective: To compare ultrasonography (US) with clinical examination in the detection of
entheseal abnormality of the lower limb in patients with spondyloarthropathy (SpA) …