The brain tumor microenvironment (TME) is emerging as a critical regulator of cancer
progression in primary and metastatic brain malignancies. The unique properties of this …

Introduction The overall survival in patients with gliomas has not significantly increased in
the modern era, despite advances such as immunotherapy. This is in part due to their …

Purpose: T-cell dysfunction is a hallmark of glioblastoma (GBM). Although anergy and
tolerance have been well characterized, T-cell exhaustion remains relatively unexplored …

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly lethal brain tumor with poor responses to immunotherapies
that have been successful in more immunogenic cancers with less immunosuppressive …

The mechanisms by which regulatory T cells (Tregs) migrate to and function within the
hypoxic tumor microenvironment are unclear. Our studies indicate that specific ablation of …

A functional, replete T-cell repertoire is an integral component to adequate immune
surveillance and to the initiation and maintenance of productive antitumor immune …

Purpose: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common form of malignant glioma in adults.
Although protected by both the blood–brain and blood–tumor barriers, GBMs are actively …

Glioblastomas (GBM) are the most frequent and aggressive malignant primary brain tumor
and remains a therapeutic challenge: even after multimodal therapy, median survival of …

Immunotherapies like the adoptive transfer of gene-engineered T cells and immune
checkpoint inhibitors are novel therapeutic modalities for advanced cancers. However, some …

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive malignancy associated with profound host
immunosuppression mediated in part by FoxP3 expressing regulatory CD4+ T lymphocytes …