Arctic amplification (AA)—referring to the enhancement of near-surface air temperature
change over the Arctic relative to lower latitudes—is a prominent feature of climate change …

Climate change is one of the most severe threats to global lake ecosystems. Lake surface
conditions, such as ice cover, surface temperature, evaporation and water level, respond …

In recent decades, the warming in the Arctic has been much faster than in the rest of the
world, a phenomenon known as Arctic amplification. Numerous studies report that the Arctic …

This chapter assesses simulations of future global climate change, spanning time horizons
from the near term (2021–2040), mid-term (2041–2060), and long term (2081–2100) out to …

Warming amplification over the Arctic Pole (AP hereafter) and Third Pole (Tibetan Plateau,
TP hereafter) can trigger a series of climate responses and have global consequences …

This chapter assesses the state of physical, biological and social knowledge concerning the
Arctic and Antarctic ocean and cryosphere, how they are affected by climate change, and …

The Arctic has warmed more than twice as fast as the global average since the late twentieth
century, a phenomenon known as Arctic amplification (AA). Recently, there have been …

Arctic near-surface air temperature warms much faster than the global average, a
phenomenon known as Arctic Amplification. The change of the underlying Arctic Ocean …

Antarctica and the surrounding Southern Ocean are facing complex environmental change.
Their native biota has adapted to the region's extreme conditions over many millions of …

Atmospheric rivers (ARs) are characterized by intense moisture transport, which, on landfall,
produce precipitation which can be both beneficial and destructive. ARs in California, for …