The RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway regulates diverse cellular processes as exemplified
by cell proliferation, differentiation, motility, and survival. Activation of ERK1/2 generally …

Cancer chemoprevention approaches are aimed at preventing, delaying, or suppressing
tumor incidence using synthetic or natural bioactive agents. Mechanistically …

Tryptanthrin is a natural alkaloidal compound having basic indoloquinazoline moiety. It is
obtained from various natural plant sources as well as different cell cultures including yeast …

Abstract c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) play a central role in many physiologic and
pathologic processes. We synthesized novel 11 H-indeno [1, 2-b] quinoxalin-11-one oxime …

The tumor suppressor p53 is considered the “guardian of the genome” that can protect cells
against cancer by inducing cell cycle arrest followed by cell death. However, STAT3 is …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease involving joint and bone
damage that is mediated in part by proteases and cytokines produced by synovial …

Pentoxifylline (PTX), a xanthine family molecule and simvastatin (SIM), an anti-
hypercholesterolemic agent, have recently been considered as sensitizers to chemotherapy …

Microglia are the resident macrophages in the central nervous system (CNS) and play
essential roles in neuronal homeostasis and neuroinflammatory pathologies. Recently …

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) is a part of the mitogen-activated protein kinase
(MAPK) signaling pathway which allows the transduction of various cellular signals to final …

The synthesis of compounds based on fragments derived from natural products (NPs)
serves as a source of inspiration for the design of pseudo-natural products (PNPs), to …