Free-electron lasers and high-harmonic-generation table-top systems are new sources of
extreme-ultraviolet to hard X-ray photons, providing ultrashort pulses that are intense …

Elementary events that determine photochemical outcomes and molecular functionalities
happen on the femtosecond and subfemtosecond timescales. Among the most ubiquitous …

Pump–probe experiments with subfemtosecond resolution are the key to understanding
electronic dynamics in quantum systems. Here we demonstrate the generation and control …

Over the last 20 years, XUV and X-ray free-electron lasers have enabled a wide variety of
time-resolved experiments that have dramatically advanced our understanding of ultrafast …

Abstract Short wavelength Free-Electron Lasers (FELs) are among the newest light sources
available to scientists to probe a wide range of phenomena, with chemical, physical and …

One of the main constraints for reducing the temporal duration of attosecond pulses is the
attochirp inherent to the process of high-order harmonic generation (HHG). Though the …

Ghost imaging, Fourier transform spectroscopy, and the newly developed Hadamard
transform crystallography are all examples of multiplexing measurement strategies …

An atomic-level picture of molecular and bulk processes, such as chemical bonding and
charge transfer, necessitates an understanding of the dynamical evolution of these systems …

Attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy (ATAS) is used to observe photoexcited
dynamics with outstanding time resolution. The main experimental challenge of this …

Active longitudinal beam optics can help free-electron laser facilities achieve cutting edge
performance by optimizing the beam to produce multicolor pulses, suppress caustics, or …